Shocking Houseplants When Transitioning Outdoors
Southwest Yard & Garden
Late April to
early May is usually a safe time to move houseplants outside in most of New
Mexico, but transition carefully and watch the forecast!
Reprint from April 2011. Written by Dr. Curtis Smith, retired NMSU Extension Horticulture Specialist, with additions by Dr. Marisa Thompson.
This aloe plant was frostbitten so badly it might not make it. Image from Dezidor, Wikimedia Commons.
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Question: Is it safe to
put houseplants outside now? After I moved my plants outside last year most of
the leaves died.
- M.J.,
Albuquerque
Answer:
In
the Albuquerque area, it will soon be safe to put houseplants outside for the
summer. If you are in the valley or high-elevation areas, you may need to wait
until the second week of May. Gardeners in southern New Mexico can be more
confident moving plants outside already (except those at high elevation). In northern
New Mexico, gardeners should wait another month or more.
In any event, you should watch the weather
reports and be prepared to move plants back indoors or cover them. Frost and
freezes are increasingly unlikely, but not unheard of this late in areas of the
Middle Rio Grande.
The loss of leaves last year could be due to
several causes. Leaves formed under low light conditions indoors will take time
to adapt to bright light or full sunlight conditions outside. The plant will
form new leaves adapted to the new light levels, but the old leaves may burn or
look bleached before the new ones have a chance to develop. You can minimize
the impact of changing light conditions on the plants by first moving them
outside to a relatively shady location, and then gradually move them to
brighter spots until they are in the place you will keep them for the summer.
This gives the plant time to adapt by forming new leaves and, in some plants,
to increase the light tolerance of existing leaves. At least the plants should
not totally defoliate.
Dry winds can also cause leaf loss. Plants
that have been protected all winter may not tolerate our outdoor winds well.
Move them first to a location sheltered from the wind. Even in mid-summer,
winds can cause leaf damage. Anyone who’s babied a bougainvillea all winter
indoors just to see it completely defoliate in the first hours out on the patio
in April knows this struggle. Those tiny new leaves never stood a chance.
The plants may also experience more rapid
drying of the soil when placed outside. Plants growing outside may lose water
from the soil through the soil surface, the walls of unglazed clay pots, and
their leaves more rapidly than when they were inside. You may need to alter
your watering frequency when you take the plants outside.
A period of cold weather can also cause loss
of existing leaves. Some tropical plants can be injured by temperatures well
above freezing. Such plants should be kept indoors until night temperatures are
consistently above 50 degrees, or should first be placed in a sheltered
location where the night temperatures will remain above 50 degrees.
When you move your plants outside you should
give the plants protection to allow them to adapt to new growing conditions,
and you should alter your cultivation practices to accommodate the new
environment in which you grow your plants. If you make a mistake and shock your
poor plant, help the rest of us feel less guilty by snapping a photo and
sharing it on Instagram or Facebook at @NMDesertBlooms.
For more gardening information, including
decades of archived Southwest Yard & Garden columns, visit the NMSU
Extension Horticulture page (http://desertblooms.nmsu.edu/), follow us
on social media (@NMDesertBlooms), or contact
your County Extension office (https://aces.nmsu.edu/county).
Marisa Thompson, PhD, is the Extension
Horticulture Specialist for New Mexico State University and is based at the
Agricultural Science Center at Los Lunas.
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